Boetius's Arithmetica is one example, from around 500 AD. See the manuscript heremanuscript or text, the heretext, or a summary. The book provided a Latin version of Nichomachus’s Arithmetica (which was in Greek from around 100 AD), which in turn covered some of the number-theoretic topics in Euclid’s Elements (from around 300 BC). All three books discussed the sieve of Eratosthenes, the Euclidean algorithm, and perfect numbers.