Questions tagged [grammar-identification]
Use this tag when asking about a grammatical structure you cannot name and want explained.
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“Renegatus”: an active perfect participle from a non-deponent verb?
Several dictionaries' etymologies of English "renegade" trace it to Medieval Latin renegatus, an apostate, one who has denied his religion and gone back to another. Renegatus in turn is the perfect ...
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How do I name the individual parts of the lumbricals muscle of the foot in latin?
As we can see, Wikipedia lists the lumbricals muscle and tells us that the muscle contains four parts.
I need to name all four individual parts of the muscle and their respective side in the body. I ...
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2answers
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Where is the correct position to set right or left of muscle names for anatomical names?
Muscles and bones have Latin names as can be found on wikipedia.
I need to name muscles and bones with their Latin name and I also need to specify if it's the left or the right muscle in the human ...
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Any material on so-called “inverse analysis” and “minimal pairs” to practice Latin grammar?
I was wondering if anyone could provide me with references on any online material (pdf, links, etc.) of Latin Grammar which can contain exercises based on so-called "inverse analysis" and "minimal ...
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1answer
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The grammar of the expression “mihi cordi est”
Recently I encountered the phrase "mihi cordi est", after googling it I saw it is quite common phrase that seem to mean "it pleases me". For example: "vita horrida, arida, atque dura, mihi cordi est".
...
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Occasus nescius
In the first line of this 12th-century conductus:
Sol oritur occasus nescius
what does nescius refer to? Maybe diagramming the sentence is all I need, because I don't follow the grammar.
If the ...
5
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2answers
523 views
The Purpose of “Natu”
Following on from the question "Using Genitive & Infinitive To Describe Characteristics"; Joonas (26/6/19): "adulescentis est maiores natu revereri." = "It is of a young person to respect his/ her ...
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Using genitive and infinitive to describe characteristics
Answering this question, I recalled a somewhat rare construction used to express that an action is characteristic of someone.
Pekkanen's Ars Grammatica (§77.1) gives two examples:
Cuiusvis hominis ...
4
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1answer
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Grammatical analysis of comparative parts (i.e. “tam … quam”, etc.)
I have the following sentence from Seneca, epistula 1, §2:
"Cum placuerit fieri, toto illum pectore admitte; tam audaciter cum illo loquere quam tecum."
However, I'm not sure what the "tam audaciter ...
4
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1answer
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μετὰ τοῦτο ἄκουε (Symposion.215)
I have a question about the following extract (Platon's Symposion, 215)
[Alcibiades describes Socrates as a Silenus's statue and as Marsyas, a satyr.] ὅτι μὲν οὖν τό γε εἶδος ὅμοιος εἶ τούτοις, ὦ ...
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What does “enim et” mean?
A couple days ago, a friend sent me an excerpt from a new game, asking about a Latin phrase in it:
Contra Diabolus enim et alii Daemones
(In the game, this is the motto of a group of Catholic ...
3
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1answer
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Syntax of Ille: “numquam est ille miser cui facile est mori”
What is the syntax of ille in the sentence: "numquam est ille miser cui facile est mori"? I get that cui is indirect object, but what is the function of the demonstrative pronoun ille in the sentence?
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What sort of grammatical construct is ‘Quod per sortem sternit fortem’?
In the poem ‘O Fortuna’ (anon., 13th c., but made famous by Carl Orff’s setting), there is this verse:
Quod per sortem
sternit fortem
mecum omnes plangite!
This is typically translated as ‘...
2
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2answers
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On the use (or not) of genitive in some verses of the Vulgata
I'm a bit puzzled with some verses of the Vulgata, regarding the use or not of genitive. Consider 3 Regnum (1 Kings in non LXX-based bibles). Verses 13-15 in Chapter 10 go as follows:
[13] Rex ...
5
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2answers
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What does “Dominus providebit” mean?
Does "Dominus providebit" mean "The Lord will provide" or "The Lord provides"?
I once had a bit of an argument with a guy who studied Latin over that. It's an inscription that appears on the rim of ...
4
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2answers
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On the (typical?) ambiguity of “Porta clausa est”
It is often said that Porta clausa est can have two readings depending on the categorial nature of the participle: verbal (cf. clauditur/clausa est) or adjectival (cf. clausa est/clausa fuit), which ...
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How was the “elliptical dual” used?
In a comment on this answer, TKR brought up an interesting point of grammar I'd never heard of.
Αἴαντε [Ajax-DUAL] is an interesting case. Though readers of Homer since antiquity have interpreted ...
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1answer
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Parsing Priapea 31
Intermediate here. I am having a hard time parsing this poem (Carmina Priapea 31). Apologies for the tawdry material, by the way :)
Donec proterva nil mei manu carpes,
licebit ipsa sis pudicior ...
3
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1answer
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«θύων τε γὰρ φανερὸς ἦν πολλάκις μὲν οἴκοι» (Xenophon, Memorabilia, 1.1.2)
Xenophon, Memorabilia, 1.1.2:
πρῶτον μὲν οὖν, ὡς οὐκ ἐνόμιζεν οὓς ἡ πόλις νομίζει θεούς, ποίῳ ποτ᾽ ἐχρήσαντο τεκμηρίῳ; θύων τε γὰρ φανερὸς ἦν πολλάκις μὲν οἴκοι, πολλάκις δὲ ἐπὶ τῶν κοινῶν τῆς ...
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How often is “et” used as an adverb, and what might distinguish that usage?
The conjunction et, in addition to its common use as a coordinating conjunction meaning and, can also be used adverbially, encompassing similar meanings as those found in words like etiam, item, etc. ...
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Agreement in “medio tutissimus ibis”
Ovid's Metamorphoses, Book II, line 137 gives us the aphorism
(in) medio tutissimus ibis
The English translation for this is typically given as "In the middle, you will go most safe."
How does "...
6
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1answer
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On Declensions and Gender
after advancing on German gramatically as my second foreign language, I wanted to pursue my interest in Latin. Grammar seemed to me pretty straightforward, yet so many to memorize. I'm self-teaching ...
5
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1answer
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Three (very similar) mottoes and a general grammar question
Hope you guys don't mind helping me.
I'm looking to translate three mottoes into Latin, and I think these are beyond my capability to naturally translate:
Do not be too kind; do not be too angry; ...
4
votes
1answer
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What do the future active participle “editurus” and the gerundive or gerund “scribendum” mean in this sentence?
When I was trying to find information to answer ktm5124's question about
“anticipātiō, anticipātiōnis”, I came across a passage that I am not advanced enough to understand fully. I'd like to ask for ...
5
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1answer
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Parsing a subphrase of an ablative absolute
I can't figure out how the phrase "et audito eo multa faciebat" in the following sentence should be parsed:
Herodes enim metuebat Ioannem, sciens eum virum iustum et sanctum, et
custodiebat eum: ...
7
votes
1answer
65 views
Use of subjunctinve in a North & Hillard translation exercise
North & Hillard Ex. 228 includes:
Next day Caesar had again an army which, though diminished, was prepared to face all dangers manfully.
A footnote states: "Of the concessive conjunctions ...
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2answers
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Why is there “is” in “… dīcitur is locus…”?
Why is there is (it) in the following phrase from Ørberg's Lingua Latina per se Illustrata, page 118?
Ōstium sīve ōs flūminis dīcitur is locus quō flumen in mare īnfluit.
Literally: By Ostium or ...
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1answer
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What is the meaning of the phrase “solitō māiōre”?
A fellow member of a Latin Discord server I participate in posted this link to an article with a question regarding how one would interpret the phrase "solitō māiōre". Despite our efforts to interpret ...
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“Veni, O Sapientia…”
I could use a little help with parsing the second verse of this famous Advent hymn:
Veni, O Sapientia,
Quae hic disponis omnia,
Veni, viam prudentiae,
Ut doceas et gloriae.
I ...
4
votes
1answer
151 views
Relative Clause of Purpose with Quo
Moreland has this sentence in Relative Clause of Purpose (Unit 14):
Properatis quo celerius adveniatis.
which it translates as:
You hasten by which you may arrive more quickly.
The adjective '...
5
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1answer
75 views
Future-Perfect?
In North & Hillard, Ex 215, the following sentence:
There can be little doubt that the guides, whether through treachery or ignorance, were mainly responsible for the disaster.
is translated ...
2
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1answer
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Did I translate and understand this optative correctly? (Greek)
In book X of his Republic, Plato is talking about the prizes and rewards made out to good men. Once again, I have the gist of the sentence, but I'm a little unsure of a minor detail.
καὶ ἀνθρώπων ...
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1answer
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What construction is used with φάθι εἶναι? (Plat. Rep. 6.508e)
I think I have the gist of this short sentence, but I would like a little more clarity on one detail. What construction is governing the phrase φάθι εἶναι? I have parsed φάθι as the 2nd singular ...
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2answers
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Origin and explanation of memoriae
For an assignment, I have been translating several Latin inscription (on tombstones) from 400–600 AD and one phrase that occurs quite often is memoriae (sometimes with an adjective such as ...
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1answer
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The (implied) meaning of “Et” in “Et in medio…” of Ubi Caritas
Here is a passage in Ubi Caritas:
Simul ergo cum in unum congregamur: Ne nos mente dividamur, caveamus. Cessent iurgia maligna, cessent lites. Et in medio nostri sit Christus Deus.
The English ...
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1answer
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grammar perplexity in Ficīnus
I'm reading Ficīnus's Latin translation of Plato's Apology and came across the following passage, two things in which baffle me. (They're unrelated, so I'm making them two separate questions.)
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“Et in terra pax hominibus bona voluntas” [sic!]
I have a German Christmas song of the 16th century, which is bilingual, German–Latin. The lyrics go as follows (I translated the German parts into English):
O how beautiful the group of ...
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2answers
677 views
Is the sentence “omnis res est” (“every thing is”) grammatical?
Is the sentence omnis res est ("every thing is") grammatical?
Likewise, are sentences like aliqua res est and nulla res est grammatical?
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Understanding the stem(s) of 'struere'
The present, perfect, and participle stems1 of the verb struere are stru-, strux-, and struct-.
The -s- in the perfect stem and the -t- in the participle stem are nothing unusual, but they seem to ...
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2answers
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“Stantes erant” vs. “stabant”
Triggered by this question.
What's the difference in meaning between:
Stantes erant pedes nostri, in atriis tuis, Jerusalem.
and
Stabant pedes nostri, in atriis tuis, Jerusalem.
and does this ...
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votes
2answers
223 views
Can the supine ablative be used for motion?
I came across an Asterix translated into Latin.
In the first story page the village chief notices that Asterix and Obelix return from a hunt and says: Asterix atque Obelix venatu redeunt!
My question ...
9
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1answer
486 views
Translation of “…quae parvas aves capit et est.”
I was reading Lingua Latina Per Se Illustrata to practice my fluency of understanding simple sentences. In the tenth chapter, Bestiae et Homines (page 69), I came across a description of eagles.
...
11
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1answer
386 views
What's the difference between mutantur and mutamur?
A quote by John Owen:
Tempora mutantur, nos et mutamur in illis.
I was wondering if you could tell me the difference between mutantur and mutamur?
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379 views
A list of the categories and subcategories of the Latin conjunctions
I am learning Latin. I have bought a grammar book, which is not that great. My professor is using words like adversative conjunction, comparative, conditional, and so on. I can't find any long list ...
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The three maxims at the Temple of Apollo (Greek)
There were three maxims carved into the Temple of Apollo at Delphi:
γνῶθι σεαυτόν (know thyself)
μηδὲν ἄγαν (nothing in excess)
Ἐγγύα πάρα δ'ἄτη (a pledge comes from folly)
The first two maxims make ...
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1answer
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Why is the relative pronoun put in the dative case? why feminine? (Greek)
I was a little stumped, here, when I came across the feminine relative pronoun ᾗ.
ἴσως δή, εἶπον, παρὰ τὸ ἔθος γελοῖα ἂν φαίνοιτο πολλὰ περὶ τὰ νῦν
λεγόμενα, εἰ πράξεται ᾗ λέγεται.
καὶ μάλα, ...
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2answers
668 views
What is the significance of the different declensions and conjugations?
I've been slowly trying to teach myself Latin with the help of this site.
I've gone past the parts where it talks about first, second, third etc declension nouns, and it all seems quite arbitrary as ...
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votes
2answers
397 views
What's it called when a verb shares the same root as its object or modifier?
I have noticed in both Greek and Latin that sometimes a verb shares the same root as its object or modifier. This construction looks funny to me as an English speaker, as we don't often encounter this ...
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2answers
846 views
Proper parsing of “respondeo dicendum quod”
Anyone who has read the Scholastics, such as St. Thomas Aquinas, are familiar with the basic structure of an articulus: (Here's an example.)
Objections ("videtur quod...")
Quote from authority ("sed ...
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2answers
213 views
What does “illos” refer to in this passage from Seneca?
While researching an answer for this question, I came across the following passage from Seneca. The bolded part, particularly "illos", left me with some doubts about the sentence syntax:
Et quid ...
