I've never seen anything except this provide passive forms of the verb esse. And even with that most of the passive forms are crossed out. Why is this? It would make sense for there to be no passive forms of esse, because of the structure of sentences with est: nominative est nominative. There is no object to become the subject, but then why does the website provide passive forms? How would these work? Or are these just approximations to what such a word would look like?
-
2That conjugation table seems to be of very low quality, and I advice against trusting it at all. In addition to the errors others have mentioned, let me point out that the future participle is not esurus but futurus.– Joonas Ilmavirta ♦Commented May 8, 2016 at 4:49
-
The passive forms of esse on that website are crossed out - it means they don't exist.– Alex B.Commented May 8, 2016 at 15:37
Add a comment
|
2 Answers
There are no passive forms of esse, for the reason you state -- it's not a transitive verb. Intransitive verbs cannot be passivized, with the minor exception of "impersonal passive" forms (in the 3sg. only), which are not used with esse. The crossed-out forms on that site don't exist. (Neither do some of the forms that aren't crossed out, like the gerundive esendus and several others. On the other hand, the "II imperative" forms actually do exist even though they are crossed out for some reason.) Presumably the site generates forms by an algorithm, which doesn't necessarily know which forms really exist.
-
Random side question: what is the deal with II imperative and II future, do they refer to future imperative and future perfect respectively?– tox123Commented May 7, 2016 at 23:09
-
1The reason supplied in this answer (and the below) is incorrect: plenty of intransitive verbs can be used impersonally with 3rd person passive forms, e.g. itur: "via qua itur ad Deum" = "the way by which it is gone [or: one goes] to God".– brianpckCommented May 8, 2016 at 1:14
-
1@brianpck. ire can be a transitive verb, with direct object viam. Active: viam it, passive: via itur.– fdbCommented May 8, 2016 at 10:08
-
1@brianpck. “ire vias,” Prop. 1, 1, 17: “exsequias,” Ter. Ph. 5, 8, 37: “pompam funeris,” Ov. F. 6, 663 et saep.– fdbCommented May 8, 2016 at 19:47
-
2@brianpck Ire viam, vivere vitam etc. are examples of the internal accusative mentioned by TKR in his or her comment; I believe it is usually a stylistic or rhetorical embellishment, and it is uncommon, as you say. I agree with you that with most intransitive verbs this is not done, while they still allow the impersonal passive; so I don't think that should be considered a determining factor.– Cerberus ♦Commented May 9, 2016 at 1:40
This thing you linked to is total rubbish. It was obviously produced by a machine. The passive forms given there are fictitious. The verb "to be" does not take a direct object and thus cannot be passive; this is true in Latin and all languages. I suggest you buy a Latin grammar and stop using machine-generated websites.
-
3
-
1I don't find the intransitive therefore unable to be passive argument convincing. How then do you explain such forms as itur, potestur, nequitur, statur, etc.?– AnonymCommented Sep 3, 2018 at 18:21