The English words "gay" and "queer" are originally adjectives with a broad range of possible use contexts, but currently they are used almost exclusively in reference to certain minorities. It has become difficult to use these words in their original meaning and tone; trying to use "gay" as a synonym of "happy" without any homosexual connotations seems almost impossible to me. Moreover, some people learning English today are unaware of these other (older?) meanings altogether.
Are there words like "gay" and "queer" in Latin? That is, are there any similar cases in Latin, where an originally broader adjective has come to refer to something very specific, possibly a group of people? Which Latin adjectives are closest to the phenomenon seen in the two English examples? Is there, by any chance, a (substantivized?) Latin adjective that means something similar to "gay" or "queer" but used to be broader? I have no idea how close to this Latin gets, so weaker occurrences of this phenomenon are welcome as answers, too.
To be specific, I am not interested in words loaned from Latin to other languages (that would merit a separate question), but in this effect within the Latin language.