The beginning of Orbis Pictus (1658) by Comenius has a list of sounds corresponding to the letters of the alphabet, meant for young students ("boys").
I have reproduced it from the 1748 edition of the Latin-German-Hungarian version (http://real-r.mtak.hu/624/, pdf pages 25-27), omitting the grammatical information on the nouns. The English translations are from the 1777 edition of Hoole's Latin-English version (http://books.google.nl/books?vid=OCLC27390661&pg=PA2).
The Magister (Master) tells the Puer (Boy): "Hic habes vivum et vocále Alphabétum" - "Here thou hast a lively and vocal Alphabet".
- A a: Cornix cornicátur (The Crow crieth), á á
- B b: Ovis balat (The Lamb bleateth), bé é é [the English version has 'Agnus']
- C c: Cicáda stridet (The Grashopper chirpeth), cí cí
- D d: Úpupa dicit (The Whooppoo saith), du du
- E e: Infans éjulat (The Infant crieth), é é é
- F f: Ventus flat (The Wind bloweth), fi fi
- G g: Anser gingrit (The Goose gagleth), ga ga
- H h: Os halat (The Mouth breatheth out), háh háh
- I i: Mus mintrit (The Mouse chirpeth), í í í
- K k: Anas tetrinnit (The Duck quacketh), kha kha
- L l: Lupus úlulat (The Wolf howleth), lu ulu
- M m: Ursus múrmurat (The Bear grumbleth), mum mum
- N n: Felis clamat (The Cat crieth), nau nau
- O o: Auríga clamat (The Carter crieth), ó ó ó
- P p: Pullus pipit (The Chicken pippeth), pi pi
- Q q: Cucúlus cucúlat (The Cuckow singeth), kuk ku
- R r: Canis ríngitur (The Dog grinneth), err
- S s: Serpens síbilat (The Serpent hisseth), sí
- T t: Gráculus clamat (The Jay crieth), tac tac [L&S: graculus = jackdaw]
- U u: Bubo úlulat (The Owl hooteth), ú ú
- W w: Lepus vagit (The Hare squeaketh), vá
- X x: Rana coaxat (The Frog croaketh), coax
- Y y: Ásinus rudit (The Asse brayeth), y y y
- Z z: Tabánus dicit (The Breeze or Horse-fly saith), ds ds
[I've added the acute accents in ásinus and úpupa. Coáxat and tetrínnit don't need them.]