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I lack ample knowledge of Latin to piece together a proper equivalent phrase of the following: "Greatly fruitful," or "Great bounty"; in the context of referring to a food being very nutritious.
Here's what I've came up with; are these accurate?
Magnus frux
Frux magnus
To add to the previous suggestions, the first word that came to my mind was almus, -a, -um, which Lewis and Short glosses as:
nourishing, affording nourishment, cherishing (poet. epithet of Ceres, Venus, and other patron deities of the earth, of light, day, wine, etc.; cf. Bentl. ad Hor. S. 2, 4, 13).—Hence, genial, restoring, reviving, kind, propitious, indulgent, bountiful, etc.
It's used, for instance, to describe vites (vines):
Si deerunt, rarum pecorique et vitibus almis
aptius uber erit (Verg. G. 2, 233)
Other complementary words are uber, -is, which means "full, fruitful, fertile, abundant, plentiful, copious, productive," or fecundus, -a, -um, though these words are perhaps more appropriate in the context of living things than of food.
It's better to use single words of the intended meaning when they are available, as in this case, rather than invent phrases.
fructuosus means actually yielding plentiful fruit.
frugifer simply means yielding fruit, its superlative frugiferrimus being virtually the same as fructuosus.
'Very nourishing' is expressed by something like maximi alimenti, (roughly) 'of greatest alimentary value'.
You asked for an adjective for greatly fruitful, but then you also mention the noun phrase, great bounty, and the Latin noun, frux.
Fruitfulness, bounty and being filled with goodness are all part of the meaning of the Cornu Copiae, the horn of the goddess, Copia; also called the Horn of Plenty or cornucopia in English. Perhaps, this answer is obvious and overused in our culture, however.
Other goddesses like Fortuna and Pax are depicted holding the Cornu Copiae. Here you can see a statue of Tyche (Greek Τύχη), the counterpart of the Roman goddess, Fortuna, holding the horn of plenty:
Cornu Copiae corresponds to the Greek Κέρας Ἀμαλθείας, the horn of Amalthea (Greek: Αμαλθεια), the goat who fostered and nursed Zeus. He broke off one of her horns and the story goes that he then promised to fill it with good things to repair his mistake.
Lewis and Short gives explanation and ancient sources under the entry for cornu, cornus- the horn of an animal:
Cornu Copiae (less correctly, but freq. in late Lat., as one word, Cornūcōpĭae , and twice Cornūcōpĭa , ae, f., Amm. 22, 9, 1; 25, 2, 3), acc. to the fable, the horn of the goat Amalthea placed in heaven, Greek Κέρας Ἀμαλθείας (v. Amalthea), the emblem of fruitfulness and abundance, Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 5; Gell. 14, 6, 2; cf. Hor. C. 1, 17, 16; id. C. S. 60; id. Ep. 1, 12, 29; Ov. M. 9, 88.
Addendum: Tellus Mater or Terra Mater, Mother Earth, is also depicted holding the Cornu Copiae on her lap with children by her side.
