This might not be the best question to ask for this format chiefly because there are so many color words in Latin, and their meanings are not always as simple and exact as English would have you believe.

For one, "basic colors" is a modern categorization, though it does have its roots in ancient Aristotelian thought. See this paper if you have access to it.

Interestingly, a fun little study was conducted by an undergradate at UNC Greensboro—Emily Gering, who published the study as "Diachronic Trends in Latin's Basic Color Vocabulary," published in the student journal Explorations (link).

A fuller study can be found in Rachael Goldman's 2011 dissertation Tinturae Romanorum: Social and Cultural Constructions of Color-Terms in Roman Literature. If you have a good library or access to ILL, do make sure to grab this one. She is a historian, so there is plenty of social context of color (which is inseparable from understanding the color's precise hue). She also provides an exhaustive appendix for your own perusal.

Also, you may be interested in Alexander Borg's 1999 monograph The Language of Color in the Mediterranean: an anthology of ethnographic aspects of color terms, Stockholm.

This might not be the best question to ask for this format chiefly because there are so many color words in Latin, and their meanings are not always as simple and exact as English would have you believe.

For one, "basic colors" is a modern categorization, though it does have its roots in ancient Aristotelian thought. See this paper if you have access to it.

Interestingly, a fun little study was conducted by an undergradate at UNC Greensboro—Emily Gering, who published the study as "Diachronic Trends in Latin's Basic Color Vocabulary," published in the student journal Explorations (link).

A fuller study can be found in Rachael Goldman's 2011 dissertation Tinturae Romanorum: Social and Cultural Constructions of Color-Terms in Roman Literature. If you have a good library or access to ILL, do make sure to grab this one. She is a historian, so there is plenty of social context of color (which is inseparable from understanding the color's precise hue). She also provides an exhaustive appendix for your own perusal.

NEW: A BMCR review just popped up on it! I had not realized it had already been turned into a book and published in Gorgias Press a couple years ago.

Also, you may be interested in Alexander Borg's 1999 monograph The Language of Color in the Mediterranean: an anthology of ethnographic aspects of color terms, Stockholm.